Infrastructure works allowed the increase of investments during a year of small retraction in the building construction chain
As occurred in 2012, the world financial crisis was reflected in the Brazilian economy along 2013, causing negative impacts in many production industries, mainly in those directly related to the income and employment levels of the population. One of the areas strongly affected by the economic retraction was building construction. According to a market study carried out by the tenth consecutive year by ITC — Inteligência Empresarial da Construção, the total of real estate projects carried out in 2013—with public and private funds—was reduced in 6.5 percent if compared to the previous year. This decrease was mainly due to the reduction of investments in industrial projects. Waiting for a recovery of the world economic scenario, many companies preferred to postpone the projects of construction or expansion of their facilities. But there was also a retraction in commercial and residential projects.
In spite of the reduction in the number of works, the total volume of invested funds increased, passing from US$ 401 billion in 2012 to US$ 455 billion in 2013. This growth may be explained by the increase in the expenses for infrastructure and road works, which received about US$ 137 billion from January to December of the last year.
For 2014, the analyzers foresee a scenario between optimistic and conservative due to the industrial sector that—in spite of the crisis—started to show signals of recovery in the second half of last year. During this period, industrial constructions invested US$ 209.1 billion.
In number of works, Basic Sanitation was the area that caused the highest motion in the construction chain, with 346 large works in 2013. In the second place came the area of Energy with 277 projects, followed by Consumption (235 projects). In total of investments, the Agribusiness got 11.1 percent; Energy got 20.7 percent; Steel got 24.1 percent; Mechanics got 10.3 percent; and Oil got 23 percent of the total.
Commercial buildings represented 35.4 percent of the total of works informed in 2013. Road works, 20.5 percent; and tourism works, 14 percent. Investments in the area were of US$ 204.3 billion and the main highlights were road works with 67.1 percent, commercial buildings with 8.0 percent and tourism infrastructure with 7.2 percent.
In the residential area, ITC evaluated in 2013 more than 5781 works in the whole country. With a volume below that of 2012, the sector presented a decrease of 0.4 percent in number of works. Investments reached US$ 42.1 billion and the building area was above 77 million of sq.mt.
Investments in 2013 were above those of 2012 in only one percent. Building area presented a decrease of 3.5 percent from one year to the other.
Status of works by stage of development
Phase 1, including the initial services of construction corresponded to 44 percent of the total of works in 2013. Industrial works included 974 works, commercial buildings, 1420 works and residential buildings, 2089 works (808 new projects and 2629 in design phase).
Phase 2, when the works are being carried out, included 36 percent of the total of works developed in the period. Works included 332 industrial buildings, 909 commercial buildings and 2420 residential buildings (1059 in the finishing phase and 943 in structure construction).
Performance by region
Also in accordance with the report of ITC, Southeast was the region highlighted in the civil construction market, with 54.8 percent of the total of works. In spite of continuing in the top of the ranking, its participation decreased. In 2012 Southeast had 57 percent of the total of works. This may be explained by the surprising growth of civil construction in the North and Northeast regions, where the participation increased from 19 percent in 2012 to 20.1 percent in 2013. South region also increased its participation, going from 17.0 to 18.6 percent and Center-West region decreased from 7.2 to 6.5 percent.
In number of works, Southeast carried out 5590 projects in 2013, being 581 industrial buildings, 1804 commercial buildings and 3205 residential buildings. North and Northeast carried out 2048 works, being 370 industrial, 503 commercial and 1175 residential buildings. South carried out about 1903 projects being 461 industrial, 423 commercial and 1019 residential works. The last position was of the Center-West region with 668 projects (120 industrial, 166 commercial and 382 residential works).
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